Menopause
When periods stop for good
Menopause is when your periods stop for good, because the ovaries make less oestrogen. You reach menopause after 12 months with no period. Most women reach it between age 45 and 55. Symptoms like hot flushes, poor sleep and mood changes can be treated. Dr Leng Meng Chik at KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital helps women manage this stage.
Good to know
If you are over 45 and your periods have changed, you usually do not need a blood test to know you are in menopause. Your symptoms are enough.
See a doctor soon if you have
- Any bleeding after menopause
- Periods that stop before age 40
- Symptoms that affect your work, sleep or relationships
If you have any of these, please see a doctor soon. For sudden, severe pain or heavy bleeding, go to the nearest emergency department.
What are the symptoms?
Every woman is different. Common symptoms are:
- Hot flushes and night sweats
- Poor sleep
- Low mood, worry or irritability
- Trouble with memory or focus
- Aching joints
- Vaginal dryness and pain during sex
- Needing to pee more often
What treatments can help?
You can choose what suits you.
- Healthy habits: activity, good sleep, less caffeine and alcohol
- HRT, as tablets, patches or gel
- Non-hormone medicines for hot flushes
- Vaginal oestrogen for dryness, which has very low risk
- Talking therapy for mood and sleep
What are the risks of HRT?
For most women under 60, HRT does more good than harm. Some types slightly raise the chance of breast cancer. Tablets slightly raise the chance of blood clots, while patches and gel do not. Dr Leng goes through your own risks with you.
How does menopause affect long-term health?
Lower oestrogen can make bones weaker over time. It can also affect heart health. Activity, calcium, vitamin D and, for some women, HRT help protect your bones.
What if my periods stop before 40?
This is called early menopause or premature ovarian insufficiency. It is less common, but important to check. Treatment protects your bones and heart.
What else do women ask about menopause?
How long do symptoms last?
On average, symptoms last about four years after your last period. For some women they last longer. Treatment can help for as long as you need it.
Can I still get pregnant before menopause?
Yes. Keep using contraception until you have had no periods for two years if you are under 50, or one year if you are 50 or older.
Is HRT my only choice?
No. Healthy habits, non-hormone medicines and vaginal treatments can help. Dr Leng explains each choice so you can decide.
Does menopause cause weight gain?
Hormone changes can move weight to the tummy. Staying active and eating well help. It is not a reason to blame yourself.
Dr Leng Meng ChikConsultant Obstetrician & Gynaecologist, MD (UNIMAS), MRCOG (UK). MMC 54266. KPJ Seremban Specialist Hospital. About Dr Leng
Sources
Related conditions
See Dr Leng about menopause in Seremban.
Bring your questions. Dr Leng will explain what is going on and help you choose what to do next.